Study of incidence of varied etiology of first episode Pediatric Seizures and its correlation with EEG and Neuroimaging

Year : 2019 | Volume : 7 | Issue : 1 Page : 90-94

Sandeep Reddy Ch¹, Harish G V², Shilpa Reddy Tummala³

¹Assistant Professor,²Associate Professor,³,Postgraduate Student, Department of Paediatrics, Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagunoor, Karimnagar, Telangana,India.

Address for correspondence: : Dr Sandeep Reddy Ch, Assistant Professor, Department of Paediatrics, Prathima Institute of Medical sciences, Nagunoor, Karimnagar, Telangana,India.

Email: srchinth@gmail.com

Abstract

Objective: To determine correlation between clinical features, EEG findings and neuroimaging (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) abnormalities in children with first seizure episode.

Materials and Methods :It is prospective study carried out from January 2017 to January2018. 74 children aged between six month to fifteen years with first seizure episode admitted in Pediatric Department of Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences were enrolled and detailed history and investigations including MRI,CT and EEG were done .Children with Neonatal seizures,Previous episodes of seizures, stroke in young, poisonings,malingering,pseudo seizures were excluded from the study.

Results:: We investigated 6 months to 15-year-old children with first episode of seizure. Seventy four children were enrolled for investigation. There were 32 (43.3%) girls and 42 (56.7%) boys. 54 (66%) children had abnormal electroencephalography (EEG) and 35 of them had generalized epileptiform discharges and 19 had focal epileptiform discharges . Abnormal MRI was seen in 48 (64.8%) patients and consisted ring enhancing lesion ( Neurocysticercosis and Tuberculomas),bilateral thalamic hypodensities,atrophy& gliosis, periventricular leucomalacia. Abnormal MRI findings had significant relation with abnormal EEG, age, positive family history for epilepsy, nutritional status,socio economic group,electrolyte abnormalities . Statistically significant correlation found between MRI and EEG findings. Statistically significant correlation found between seizures and abnormal birth history, delayed development milestones, fever at the time of presentation, hypoglycemia, low socioeconomic status. Conclusion:In children with abnormal EEG, neuroimaging should be considered. We suggest to use EEG for confirmation of epilepsy and perform MRI for patient with abnormal physical exams, focal neurologic deficits or focal EEG abnormalities.

Keywords:Epilepsy,EEG,milestones