Role of ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of abdominal-pelvic lumps

Year : 2019 | Volume : 7 | Issue : 1 Page : 49-54

Rahul Satarkar¹,Prashant Tembhare², Srikanth Shastry³

¹Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Shaheed Hasan Khan Mewati Government Medical College,Nalhar,Haryana,²Clinician Scientist & Assistant Professor,Hematopathology Laboratory,Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai,³,Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagunoor , Karimnagar, Telangana.

Address for correspondence: : Dr Rahul N Satarkar, Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Shaheed Hasan Khan Mewati Government Medical College,Nalhar,Haryana.

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Abstract

Background: Aspiration cytology is the study of cells, obtained by a fine needle puncture of the mass.The basic principles of fine needle aspiration can be applied to almost any site in the body.Masses arising in the abdominal cavity are often deep seated and non-palpable. Because of the undetailed margins of these lesions it is difficult to assess their size and shape. Ultrasound (US) guided fine needle aspiration is a readily accepted, rapidly growing and an important diagnostic technique which is an accurate, safe, simple, rapid, and an efficacious method which can be used for rendering a cyto-histologic diagnosis in space occupying lesions of the abdomen and also for the confirmation of the suspected malignant masses in various intra-abdominal and pelvic locations.

Materials and Methods :We have performed 204 ultrasound guided FNACs and 102 percutaneous FNACs without any radiological guidance, from various abdominal and pelvic lesions. Patients with large and easily palpable lumps were selected for percutaneous FNACs without any radiological guidance. Patients with small, deep seated and non-palpable lesions were selected for ultrasound guided FNACs.

Results:: Majority of the patients (59.8%) were in the 40 to 60years age group with mean age 48.4 years and male to female ratio was 1.28:1.Maximum cases were from liver followed by intestine, ovary, kidney, stomach, lymph node, retroperitonium, and pancreas.Satisfactory aspiration rate with ultrasound guided FNACs (96.08%) is significantly greater than FNACs without ultrasound guidance (58.82%) and positivity (87.25%) in FNACs with ultrasound guidance done by pathologist was significantly high as compared to FNACs without ultrasound guidance (46.07%). Conclusion:Ultrasound guided FNAC is easy, safe, less time consuming procedure with high success rate.We have seen in our study that FNAC done by pathologist, under ultrasound guidance in the presence of radiologist increased the diagnostic accuracy and satisfactory aspiration rate.

Keywords:Ultrasound Guided FNAC, abdominal-pelvic masses, Liver