The epidemic of 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has struck China in late December,2019. A novel coronavirus was then identified as the causative agent. Many countries and territories have been affected within two months 123.As of October 21, 2020, nearly 40,665,438 confirmed cases of COVID-19 occurred, resulting in about 1,121,843 deaths as reported to WHO. Many cases were mild to moderate with common symptoms at onset of illness, including fever, cough, and fatigue or myalgia. Organ dysfunction included acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), acute liver injury, acute cardiac injury, acute kidney injury, and death could occur in the severe cases 4.Complete blood counts (CBC) are easily performed and inexpensive. Included in the CBC are values such as white blood count, neutrophil, lymphocyte and platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume and certain ratios of these values such as NLR and PLR are used as inflammatory markers. Neutrophils are the most characteristic cell type among the white blood cells and is an important component of the immune system. Regulated by mast cells, epithelial cells and macrophages, neutrophils also take part in inflammatory processes. The role of lymphocytes in both inflammation and infections is evident. Additionally, thrombocytes also have importance in the regulation of various inflammatory processes. While these parameters are used as inflammatory markers by themselves, their ratios to one another may also be indicators of early inflammation 567. Circulating leukocytes respond to stress by increasing neutrophils and reducing lymphocytes; the ratio of these two parameters is also used as an inflflammatory marker 89. Blood cell interactions play an important in the pathophysiology ofinflammation, immune responses, hemostasis, and oncogenesis. Numerous observational studies have suggested that the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte-to monocyte ratio (LMR), lymphocyte proportion and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are inflammatory markers of immune-mediated, metabolic, prothrombotic, and neoplastic diseases, and are widely investigated as useful predictors for prognosis in many diseases 101112. Aim : To study to hematological parameters in covid-19 infection. Objective : To evaluate the prognosis and severity of diseases by using hematological parameters.

Figure2:Distribution of disease severity in studyparticipants

Percentage and frequency distribution of disease severity in COVID19

In the present scenario this pandemic is a major concern and threat to public health. This cross sectional study included 40% severe and 60% non severe case. It is different from the study in Wuhan, China (1,2). There are more number of males (30) as compared to females (20) out of total 50 covid19 cases. MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV have also been found to infect more males than females (3,4) these studies are in compromise with our studies. The reduced susceptibility of females to viral infections could be attributed to the protection from X chromosome and sex hormones, which play an important role

The cross sectional study was conducted at the Department of Research Mamata Academy of Medical Sciences and Hospital during August 2020.Informed Consent was obtained from the patients included in the study. 50 Novel Corona Disease patients both male and female, Age between 20-92 years admitted at Mamata Academy of Medical Sciences and Hospital were screened with diagnostic Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , Positive cases were enrolled for the study .Hematological parameters like compounded complete blood count that is NLR and PLR was done by using Auto Hematology Analyzer, Model : H33S 3parts ( AVANTOR ) to correlate the relations of the parameters with Covid 19 cases. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 20.0 software. All demographic and clinical characteristics were expressed as frequencies and proportions for categorical variables, Mean± Standard Deviation for continuous variables were done keeping confidence interval of 95% with 80% power of the study. Ttest was used to test statistically significant difference between severe and non severe cases for various laboratory continuous variables and chi square test for categorical variable. T-test was used to calculate the significance of Independent Statistic P value of< 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results In the current study, out of 50 cases 60% were males and 40% were female cases. The male prevalance is more when compared to female. So maximum number of affected persons in our studies were males ( Figure 1). The distribution of disease Severity in the study population was 40% Severe,60% Non Severe cases ( Figure 2). It was observed in the current study that gender severity is more (80%) in male, when compared to the female counter part (20%). Gender Non Severity is more (53.3%) in female, when compared to the male counter part (46.7%) and it was statistically significant, odd ratio 4.57 and P value of 0.01 ( Table 1).. The Neutrophil to Lymphocyte ratio (NLR). is higher in severe cases (5.87±1.92) when compared to non severe cases (2.86±1.20) was statistically significant (p = 0.043). Platelet to Lymphocyte ratio (PLR) was higher in severe cases (282.08±57.85) as compared to non severe cases(216.24±36.35) and is statistically significant (p value =0.007) ( Table.2) . Figure 1: Distribution of Gender in innate and adaptive immunity 13. Severity is also found more in males as compared to females and the result was statistically significant (p=0.01). Patients with severe COVID-19 disease present with increased leukocytosis, neutrophilia, lymphopenia, and thrombocytopenia than those with nonsevere disease 14. These patients were more likely to develop ARDS and require intensive care unit (ICU) level of care 15165.There is a significant difference in NLR and PLR of severe and non severe cases. The NLR was higher in severe cases than in non-severe cases which is consistent with recent studies 67. Various studies have suggested that the NLR, LMR, lymphocyte proportion and the PLR are inflammatory markers of immune-mediated, metabolic, prothrombotic, and neoplastic diseases, and are widely investigated as useful predictors for prognosis in many diseases 101112. NLR and PLR can be easily obtained from a complete blood count with a differential profile. Hence laboratory values like NLR, PLR, Lymphopenia are important indicators in deciding high risk cases of covid19. Conclusion Current study declares, Neutrophil to Lymphocyte ratio (NLR)and Platelet to Lymphocyte ratio (PLR) may be considered as good diagnostic and prognostic risk evaluators in assessing the severity and progression of the novel corona disease 2019.