BACKGROUND: The bone marrow is widely distributed organ and is the principle site for blood cells formation. The broad spectrum of disorders affects the marrow primarily or secondarily with presentation of peripheral pancytopenia. Hence, bone marrow examination is extremely helpful in evaluation of pancytopenia. This study emphasizes the different causes of pancytopenia and bone marrow morphology in cases of pancytopenia.

MATERIALS & METHODS: The present study is a retrospective and prospective study done in the department of Pathology, for a period of two years. All the relevant history, clinical details, radiological details, and biochemistry parameters were considered.

RESULTS: Out of 150 cases,96 were males and 54 were females. Majority of the patients were in the age group of 41-60 years (54%) amongst whom Megaloblastic anaemia was the most important cause of pancytopenia.

CONCLUSION: Bone marrow aspiration is relatively a very safe invasive procedure and primarily permits cytological assessment since the underlying pathology determines the management and prognosis of the patients.