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<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="Original Article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta id="journal-meta-2b77c5bd267d4a0d938feef202804b8f">
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="journal_submission_guidelines">https://www.pimr.org.in/instructions.php</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Perspectives in Medical Research</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="electronic">2348-229X</issn>
      <issn publication-format="print">2348-1447</issn>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta id="article-meta-8b44cdcf0a3b47679331ffddd7467b92">
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">08</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47799/pimr.1103.08</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group>
          <subject>Original Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title id="article-title-2a507e24a4bb4c5e86b56bfc55e63f47">
          <bold id="strong-906cdff61b854b1e9535eb345a397506">Evaluation of antidepressant properties of hydroalcoholic extract of </bold>
          <bold id="strong-c61b3728d4984d42b5fbfee426c4afc9">Aegle marmelos</bold>
          <bold id="strong-ffb8f8cc86004bd8ae9c718237509bdb"> fruit (Bael fruit) in Swiss albino mice: A pre-clinical study</bold>
        </article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name id="name-fa423dc3185a43c89ac437c9fa40ab8a">
            <surname>SN</surname>
            <given-names>Shefeek</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref id="x-9ad27e529fa1" rid="a-74c60d1e4f69" ref-type="aff">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name id="name-38f8a1c629da4c859669d98b07de4522">
            <surname>K</surname>
            <given-names>Sridevi</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref id="x-361988f579a0" rid="a-ecbe6f399b6e" ref-type="aff">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name id="name-56742bd9f420498a80f7bbf1ad69b346">
            <surname>Bhat</surname>
            <given-names>Nagapati P</given-names>
          </name>
          <email>npbhat17@gmail.com</email>
          <xref id="x-12aad4492eae" rid="a-1d5f0d97329d" ref-type="aff">3</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name id="name-1464f065b9e842b9a94127c75815faf3">
            <surname>Nayak</surname>
            <given-names>Roopa P</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref id="x-9d8d56454d65" rid="a-cf5841399c04" ref-type="aff">4</xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="a-74c60d1e4f69">
          <institution>Senior Resident, Department of Pharmacology, Yenepoya Medical College, Mangalore</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="a-ecbe6f399b6e">
          <institution>Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Yenepoya Medical College, Mangalore</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="a-1d5f0d97329d">
          <institution>Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Yenepoya Medical College, Mangalore</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="a-cf5841399c04">
          <institution>Professor &amp; Head, Department of Pharmacology, Yenepoya Medical College, Mangalore</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date date-type="pub">
        <day>30</day>
        <month>12</month>
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>11</volume>
      <issue>3</issue>
      <fpage>41</fpage>
      <lpage>44</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>15</day>
          <month>2</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>23</day>
          <month>9</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>10</day>
          <month>8</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>©2023 Shefeek SN et al. This is an open-access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY 4.0. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are credited.</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2023</copyright-year>
      </permissions>
      <abstract id="abstract-abstract-title-c18f669da9f742148f1a3497b1fa4286">
        <title id="abstract-title-c18f669da9f742148f1a3497b1fa4286">Abstract</title>
        <p id="paragraph-f88055f28a4342f4b7df08c747871410"><bold id="strong-623a8ba2c73e41b0be1a03568a83396c">Introduction</bold>: Depression is a prevalent psychiatric disorder affecting 3.8% of the global population. The clinically available antidepressants can cause serious adverse effects. Aegle marmelos fruit has shown a wide range of pharmacological effects. The present study was carried out to elucidate the possible antidepressant activity of Aegle marmelos (Bael) fruit in Swiss albino mice. <bold id="strong-672daaddf96d4a048aef90d9d079d8a8">Objective</bold><bold id="strong-58f2051299bd4d5ca602bacc20f1f05d">: </bold>To evaluate the possible antidepressant activity of Aegle marmelos fruit extract in Swiss albino mice. <bold id="strong-12196f338249439a8f710c488c577e3d">Methods</bold><bold id="strong-198cff2518924b7ca4b1012597806c8e">: </bold>A total of 30 (n=30) male Swiss albino mice weighing 25-35 g, divided into five groups of six animals each were used for the study. Aegle marmelos fruit powder was subjected to solvent extraction in a soxhlet apparatus. The antidepressant activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of Aegle marmelos fruit was evaluated by using two models –Forced Swimming Test (FST) and Tail Suspension Test (TST). <bold id="strong-50b23e77ad0b4ddc8c23cf59c625d599">Results</bold><bold id="strong-659dc57bf9d3438797b368c9a27b7ee2">: </bold>One-way ANOVA was used for multiple comparisons followed by a post hoc (Bonferroni test) for comparison between groups. Aegle marmelos fruit at the dose of 100mg/kg and 200 mg/kg significantly reduced the immobility time in both the tests (TST and FST) compared to the control. The reduction in duration of immobility at the dose of 200 mg/kg was comparable to the standard drug Imipramine. <bold id="strong-341b2aece1a1481297a3b88add51b81f">Conclusion</bold><bold id="strong-f5bf72f9f0794d1fb7ad9cc03a1ccb1d">: </bold>The Hydroalcoholic extract of Aegle marmelos has significant antidepressant activity in both the animal models of depression (FST and TST). </p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group id="kwd-group-7f7973d496584185b9a87219df29da5f">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Aegle marmelos fruit</kwd>
        <kwd>anti-depressants</kwd>
        <kwd>Forced Swimming Test</kwd>
        <kwd>Tail Suspension Test</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <funding-group>
        <funding-statement>None</funding-statement>
      </funding-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
