Clinicopathological study of Ovarian tumours

Year : 2016 | Volume : 4 | Issue : 3 Page : 27 - 31

Rashmi K S¹, Shashikala B Patil²

^1,2Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, BGS Global Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical college, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Address for correspondence: Dr. Rashmi K S, Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, BGS Global Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical college, Uttarahalli Kengeri road,Kengeri, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Email: patilmr@yahoo.com

Abstract

Introduction: The ovary consists of sex cells, which are totipotential and of mesenchymal cells which are multipotential.So when it becomes neoplastic almost any type of tumour can result. The ovarian tumours manifest as a wide spectrum of clinical, morphological and histological features. Ovarian tumours can occur in women of all ages, but there are differences in the histological types during various decades of life. During infancy and childhood the predominant type is germ cell tumours, where as in adults the epithelial tumours are the most common type. The incidence rate increases with age, peaks at 5th decade.

Aims and Objectives: To study the incidence, clinical features, age and parity distribution and complications of ovarian tumours and to evaluate clinicopathological features of ovarian malignancy.

Materials and Methods :The present study is a prospective study done on 74 patients of all age groups presenting with ovarian tumours to the Department. of Obstetrics and Gynaecology for the period of 2 years. A detailed clinical history was taken with structured questionnaires. General, systemic and pelvic examinations were done. Complete haemogram, blood sugar level, HIV, HbSAg, urine examination, Pap smear, ultrasonography was done routinely. ECG and chest X ray were done for fitness for anaesthesia or when indicated.Tumour marker CA 125 level estimation was done in clinically suspected cases of malignancy. CT was done in suspected inoperable malignant tumours.

Results:The total number of ovarian tumours was 74 and the number of gynaecological admissions was 1251 giving an incidence of 5.91%. Of these 43 were benign, 8 were borderline and 23 were malignant giving a percentage of 58.1%, 10.8% and 31.08% respectively.

Conclusion:Ovarian tumours have varying modes of presentation. Benign ovarian tumours present at an early age (3rd decade ) compared to malignant tumours which present in 5th decade. Majority of the patients have symptoms not necessarily gynecological in nature. Malignant ovarian tumours are still diagnosed at a very late stage. Ovarian cancer still a silent killer. A good history, detailed physical examination and investigations like USG, do help to come to an accurate diagnosis, but final diagnosis depends on histopathology.

Keywords:Ovarian malignancy, clinicopathological, borderline malignant.