Aurobinda Samal¹, Archita Mohanty Jaiswal², Niharika Pattnaik³, Chandrabhanu Parija⁴, S.Srikanth⁵

^1,2,3Consultant Pathologist, SRL Diagnostics, Kalinga Hospital, Bhubaneswar,4 Consultant CTVS Surgeon, Kalinga Hospital, Bhubaneswar,5Associate Professor, Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences,Karimnagar,Telangana...

Address for correspondence: Dr.Aurobinda Samal, Consultant Pathologist, SRL Diagnostics, Kalinga Hospital, Bhubaneswar,India.

Email: draurobinda_samal@yahoo.co.in

Introduction: Giant cell tumor(GCT) comprises around 4-5 % of all primary bone tumors and has a peak incidence between 20 and 45 years of age. Despite being classified as benign, giant cell tumor is capable of locally aggressive behaviour and occassionally of distant metastasis. Pulmonary metastasis are seen in 2 % of patients with GCTs, on average 3-4 years after primary diagnosis. These may be solitary or multiple. Pulmonary metastases of the GCT may be affected by tumor grading and localization as well as age, gender and overall health status of the patient. Patients with local recurrences of GCT of bones are more likely to develop pulmonary metastases. High expression of some genes, cytokines and chemokines may also be closely related to the metastatic potential and prognosis of GCT of bones. Some of the pulmonary metastases of GCT of bones are very slow growing , some regress spontaneously and rarely lethal. Segmental resection is considered to be the most effective treatment of pulmonary metastases while chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy may be alternate treatments in unresectable cases. An early diagnosis of the tumor can be challenging due to its rarity and done by a CT scan followed by a CT guided FNAC.

Keywords :Giant cell tumor, bone, Pulmonary metastasis, Fine- needle aspiration