Volume: 7 Issue: 2
Year: 2019, Page: 67-70,
AKI is an ailment characterized by a rapid loss of renal excretory function with an increase in nitrogenous wastes in blood & with different outcomes.
Aim: The study is an attempt to analyze the common causes & clinical manifestation of AKI in 50 hospitalized patients at PIMS.
Materials & Methods: 50 Patients (aged = 15 years old) with AKI presenting to our Hospital ICU were included in this study during a period of 1 year from February 2015 to February 2016. An etiological analysis, clinical manifestations & type of AKI were studied in the patients.
Statistical analysis used: Data analysis was done using SPSS version 19 (SPSS Inc; Chicago, IL). Data is presented in form of tables.
Results: total number of 50 case of ARF patients, admitted to PIMS, karimnagar, who met the inclusion criteria were studied. Out of 50 cases studied, 32 (64%) patients were males and 18 (36%) were females. The age ranged from 20 to 65 yrs. with mean age of 48.1 yrs. 46 (92%) patients had vomiting, 40(80%) had oliguria , 36(72%) patients had history of fatigue. Fever was seen in 35(70%) cases & 16 (32%) had loose stools. 15 (30%) had hypotension, 14 (28%) patients had edema & 12 (24%) had icterus and GPE. Renal ARF was seen in 38(76%) patients, 10 (20%) patients had prerenal ARF & 2 (4%) patients had post renal ARF.Out of 10 patients with prerenal ARF, 4 (8%) had acute gastroenteritis,5 (10%) patients had malaria & 1 (2%) patient had ARF following septicaemia.Out of the 38 (78%) patients with renal ARF, malaria was seen in 12 (24%) patients, 6 (12%) patients had nephrotoxic ARF, 6 (12%) patients had septicemia. 2 (4%) patients had post infectious glomerunephritis, 2 (4%) had snake bite & 1 (2%) had rhabdomyolysis. Acute GE is seen in 5 (10%) patients, CCF in 1 (2%).Out of 50 patients, 2(4%) patients had post renal ARF due to bladder outlet obstruction. Among 50 cases, 37 (74%) patients were managed conservatively & 13 (26%) patients underwent hemo dialysis. Among the patients managed conservatively 1 (2%) patient died & among those who underwent hemo dialysis, 4 (8%) patients died.
Conclusion: Renal origin of ARF was identified as the commonest cause of AKI Followed by pre renal & then post renal AKI. Higher incidence of infections like Malaria & leptospirosis causing AKI has been seen in this study.
Keywords: Acute kidney injury, pre renal, renal
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Deepa G.A study of acute kidney injury with reference to varied etiology admitted in Intensive care unit of PIMS. Perspectives in Medical Research 2019; 7(2):67-70.