Volume: 4 Issue: 2
Year: 2016, Page: 2-5,
Introduction: : Human immuno deficiency virus, HIV-1 is now established as the primary cause of acquired immuno deficiency syndrome. HIV has had a dramatic impact on the health of women, infants and children.
Objectives: To assess the influence of HIV-1 infection on pregnancy outcomes like Intra Uterine growth retardation, Pre-term labour, Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) and Low Birthweight (LBW).
Material and Methods:In this prospective study patients were selected from Vani Vilas Hospital attached to Bangalore Medical College in 2 years time. The patients attending the antenatal clinic of OBG Department of Vani Vilas Hospital were recruited and after a proper pre-test counseling by counselors, the informed written consent for conducting the HIV test was taken. Diagnosis of HIV seropositive was made as per the NACO guidelines.The study group comprised of 100 HIV seropositive patients. The control group comprised of 100 HIV seronegative patients. All the parturients in the study group received a single dose of Tab. Nevirapine 200 mg. at the onset of labour and the neonate received a single dose of Nevirapine calculated at 2 mg/kg body weight immediately after delivery. Demographic details, maternal and fetal outcome studied.
Results: Among the 100 HIV seropositive pregnant women, 19 of them decided to terminate their pregnancies. In this study, there were 4 cases of IUGR when compared to 2 cases in the control group. Seropositive pregnant women were found to have a higher incidence of pre-term labour (20.9%) in comparison with the seronegative (7%). The incidence of pre-labour rupture of membranes in the study was 39.5% versus 19% in the control group. Association of low birthweight in the study group was significantly high being 29.6% in the HIV positive women and 13% in HIV negative women. The study group had 4 cases of puerperal pyrexia and 2 cases of postpartum endometritis. Most of the women in the control group had an uneventful puerperium.
Conclusion: Maternal HIV infection was significantly associated with PROM, prematurity, and low birth weight. There was a trend towards a higher IUGR postpartum complications.
Keywords: HIV, pregnancy outcome, PROM, low birthweight, IUGR
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Saravana , Shashikala. Pregnancy outcome in HIV seropositive women. Perspectives in medical research 2016;4:2:2-5.